木材成為未來(lái)可持續城市的主要材料，2018年在美國也被作為主要材料。不斷發(fā)展的規范和木材的日益普及促使公司，大學(xué)和機構在全國范圍內研究和投資雄心勃勃的項目。

今年，俄勒岡州木質(zhì)高層建筑定為地標建筑，麻省理工學(xué)院推出其技術(shù)驅動(dòng)的預制長(cháng)屋項目，以及阿肯色大學(xué)開(kāi)始建設該國首個(gè)高等教育木質(zhì)宿舍樓。作為“改善城市藍圖”主題的一部分，木材的好處也在A(yíng)IA 2018建筑大會(huì )上展示。

鑒于通過(guò)木材的增長(cháng)和潛力，作者已匯集了四個(gè)目前正在美國進(jìn)行研究和概念化的項目，這些項目正在重新定義木材的可能性。從布魯克林的一座橋到費城，芝加哥和舊金山的木質(zhì)塔樓，未來(lái)的計劃提供了四個(gè)木質(zhì)建筑如何重新定義未來(lái)美國城市的天際線(xiàn)。

費城木質(zhì)塔樓

來(lái)自Hickok Cole的Sean McTaggart領(lǐng)導的DC設計師入圍了費城木質(zhì)項目Skyhive摩天樓競賽，展示了作為鋼和混凝土替代品的可行性。在為費城天際線(xiàn)設計新地標的過(guò)程中，該團隊還獲得了一筆撥款，用于在華盛頓建造一個(gè)大型木材保護站。

Timber Towers in Philadelphia

DC Designers led by Sean McTaggart from Hickok Cole were shortlisted for the Skyhive Skyscraper challenge for the Philly Timber Towers project, demonstrating the viability of the mass timber high-rise as an alternative to steel and concrete. While in the process of designing the new landmark for Philadelphia’s skyline, the group also received a grant to work on a mass timber Ranger Station in DC.

芝加哥80層高的河山毛櫸塔

Perkins + Will的建筑師與Thornton Tomasetti的工程師合作，在芝加哥建造了一座80層高的大型木結構建筑。該方案采用外部雙柵格系統，充分利用木材。Skidmore，Owings和Merrill Timber Towers的研究表明，木材 - 混凝土混合動(dòng)力系統可以支撐82,000磅的荷載（所需載荷的8倍）及一些鋼混合動(dòng)力系統。

80-story River Beech Tower in Chicago

Architects at Perkins+Will, working with engineers at Thornton Tomasetti, have conceptualized an 80-story mass timber building in Chicago. The scheme features 300 duplex units using an exterior diagrid system that leverages the natural axial strength of timber. This concept has been informed by recent Skidmore, Owings and Merrill Timber Towers research which found that timber-concrete hybrid systems can support loads of 82,000 pounds (8 times the required load) along with some steel hybrid systems that could be marketable in terms of bay sizes and floor openings.

舊金山的木結構住房

DLR集團舊金山辦事處的設計師Jose Brunner在舊金山的一個(gè)標志性建筑頂部設計了一個(gè)模塊化木塔，該項目利用大量木材作為替代開(kāi)發(fā)輕質(zhì)材料的潛力，在城市中心提供額外的住房，而無(wú)需拆除現有結構或取代現有居民。

Mass Timber Multifamily in San Francisco

Jose Brunner, a designer at DLR Group's San Francisco office, designed a modular timber tower atop a landmark building in San Francisco’s Mission District for the "Mission: Housing design competition." The project exploits mass timber's potential as a strong but light-weight material for alternative development, providing additional housing in the heart of the city without the need to demolish of existing structures or displace existing residents.

布魯克林的木結構人行橋

在過(guò)去的幾年里，CRèME的建筑師Jun Aizaki設計了木結構人行橋；設計方案的漂浮通道應該用木頭建造。連接布魯克林和昆斯區，改善行人交通，創(chuàng )造綠色空間，并將長(cháng)島市和綠色社區連接到一個(gè)名為“LongPoint”的新社區。

Timber Bridge at LongPoint Corridor in Brooklyn, NYC

For the past few years, architect Jun Aizaki of CRèME has been working on the Timber Bridge at LongPoint Corridor; a floating passageway he proposes should be made of wood. Linking Brooklyn and Queens, the bridge exploits an opportunity to improve pedestrian transit, create green spaces, and connect the communities of Long Island City and Greenpoint into a new neighborhood coined "LongPoint."

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